Wildfire Conference 2026

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What this session covered

Mushrooms and racing cars, used to look at what sits underneath the behaviour we can see. The cap above ground is the small part. The mycelium underneath is the organism, and it keeps everything else alive. What the mushroom grows in matters too, so the session treated colonialism, whiteness, capitalism, patriarchy, cisheteronormativity and compulsory ablebodiedness as the soil rather than the background, alongside neuronormativity, the assumption that there is one correct way to feel, think, communicate and function. Then the sticker, held out until an arm gets tired, because the effort of holding something small is tiny and the effort of holding it for a long time is not. From there, warning lights and wear and tear, why an F1 team expects damage from the track instead of blaming the car, trauma with a capital T and trauma with a lower case t, what trauma therapy looks like when the protocol bends to the person, and masking as a boost button, finite and costly and worth having agency over.

Credits

Further reading

What masking is, and why people do it

  • Hull, L., Petrides, K. V., Allison, C., Smith, P., Baron-Cohen, S., Lai, M. C., and Mandy, W. (2017). Putting on my best normal, social camouflaging in adults with autism spectrum conditions. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47(8), 2519 to 2534. doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3166-5
  • Pearson, A., and Rose, K. (2021). A conceptual analysis of autistic masking, understanding the narrative of stigma and the illusion of choice. Autism in Adulthood, 3(1), 52 to 60. doi.org/10.1089/aut.2020.0043
  • Cage, E., and Troxell-Whitman, Z. (2019). Understanding the reasons, contexts and costs of camouflaging for autistic adults. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49(5), 1899 to 1911. doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-03878-x

Burnout, shutdown and what it costs

  • Raymaker, D. M., Teo, A. R., Steckler, N. A., Lentz, B., Scharer, M., Delos Santos, A., Kapp, S. K., Hunter, M., Joyce, A., and Nicolaidis, C. (2020). Having all of your internal resources exhausted beyond measure and being left with no clean-up crew, defining autistic burnout. Autism in Adulthood, 2(2), 132 to 143. doi.org/10.1089/aut.2019.0079
  • Mantzalas, J., Richdale, A. L., Adikari, A., Lowe, J., and Dissanayake, C. (2022). What is autistic burnout? A thematic analysis of posts on two online platforms. Autism in Adulthood, 4(1), 52 to 65. doi.org/10.1089/aut.2021.0021
  • Mantzalas, J., Richdale, A. L., and Dissanayake, C. (2022). A conceptual model of risk and protective factors for autistic burnout. Autism Research, 15(6), 976 to 987. doi.org/10.1002/aur.2722
  • Phung, J., Penner, M., Pirlot, C., and Welch, C. (2021). What I wish you knew, insights on burnout, inertia, meltdown and shutdown from autistic youth. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 741421. doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.741421
  • Cassidy, S., Bradley, L., Shaw, R., and Baron-Cohen, S. (2018). Risk markers for suicidality in autistic adults. Molecular Autism, 9, 42. doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0226-4
  • Cassidy, S., McLaughlin, E., McGranaghan, R., Pelton, M., O'Connor, R., and Rodgers, J. (2023). Is camouflaging autistic traits associated with defeat, entrapment, and lifetime suicidal thoughts? Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 53(4), 572 to 585. doi.org/10.1111/sltb.12965
  • Tamilson, B., Eccles, J. A., and Shaw, S. C. K. (2025). The experiences of autistic adults who were previously diagnosed with borderline or emotionally unstable personality disorder, a phenomenological study. Autism, 29(2), 504 to 517. doi.org/10.1177/13623613241276073

The soil, not the mushroom

  • Botha, M., and Frost, D. M. (2020). Extending the minority stress model to understand mental health problems experienced by the autistic population. Society and Mental Health, 10(1), 20 to 34. doi.org/10.1177/2156869318804297

Trauma

  • Rumball, F., Happe, F., and Grey, N. (2020). Experience of trauma and PTSD symptoms in autistic adults, risk of PTSD development following DSM-5 and non-DSM-5 traumatic life events. Autism Research, 13(12), 2122 to 2132. doi.org/10.1002/aur.2306

Nervous system and attachment

  • Porges, S. W. (2022). Polyvagal theory, a science of safety. Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, 16, 871227. doi.org/10.3389/fnint.2022.871227
  • Porges, S. W. (2011). The polyvagal theory, neurophysiological foundations of emotions, attachment, communication and self-regulation. W. W. Norton.
  • Siegel, D. J. (2020). The developing mind, how relationships and the brain interact to shape who we are. Third edition. Guilford Press.

Adapting the therapy to the person

  • Lobregt-van Buuren, E., Sizoo, B., Mevissen, L., and de Jongh, A. (2019). Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy as a feasible and potential effective treatment for adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and a history of adverse events. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49(1), 151 to 164. doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3687-6
  • van Diest, C., Leoni, M., Fisher, N., and Spain, D. (2022). Using EMDR with autistic clients, how do therapists adapt? Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 16(3), 123 to 134. doi.org/10.1891/EMDR-2022-0014

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